近日，美国西北大学的H. D. Espinosa及其研究小组与法国里昂第一大学的M. Abi Ghanem等人合作并取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们对螳螂虾是否具备声子盾进行研究。相关研究成果已于2025年2月7日在国际权威学术期刊《科学》上发表。

在这项工作中，该研究团队利用激光超声技术和数值模拟方法，探索了螳螂虾钳足的声子特性。研究结果表明，钳足的周期性区域表现为一个色散性良好、品质因数高的渐变系统，展现出布洛赫谐波、平坦的色散分支、超慢波模式以及低频兆赫兹范围内的宽布拉格带隙。这些特性有效地保护了螳螂虾免受冲击过程中空化气泡破裂所产生的高频有害应力波的影响。

据悉，螳螂虾那威力巨大的击打动作要求它必须具备强健的保护机制来抵御由此产生的反作用力。尽管近期研究提出，声子带隙在其防御体系中发挥着辅助作用，但关于这一机制的直接实验证据仍然缺乏。

附:英文原文

Title: Does the mantis shrimp pack a phononic shield

Author: N. A. Alderete, S. Sandeep, S. Raetz, M. Asgari, M. Abi Ghanem, H. D. Espinosa

Issue&Volume: 2025-02-07

Abstract: The powerful strikes generated by the smasher mantis shrimp require it to possess a robust protection mechanism to withstand the resultant forces. Although recent studies have suggested that phononic bandgaps complement the mantis shrimp’s defensive suite, direct experimental evidence for this mechanism has remained elusive. In this work, we explored the phononic properties of the mantis shrimp’s dactyl club using laser ultrasonic techniques and numerical simulations. Our results demonstrate that the dactyl club’s periodic region functions as a dispersive, high-quality graded system, exhibiting Bloch harmonics, flat dispersion branches, ultraslow wave modes, and wide Bragg bandgaps in the lower megahertz range. These features effectively shield the shrimp from harmful high-frequency stress waves generated by cavitation bubble collapse events during impact.

DOI: 10.1126/science.adq7100

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adq7100

来源：科学网  小柯机器人